Each numeration has its defects neither is preferable to the other. In the course of this article, we shall follow the Hebrew numeration and bracket that of the Septuagint and Vulgate. The differences in the numerations of the Hebrew and Vulgate texts may be seen in the following scheme: The Vulgate follows the numeration of the Septuagint but omits Ps. Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, and Alexandrinus) give 151, but expressly state that the last psalm is not canonical: “This psalm was written by David with his own hand and is outside the number”, Greek: eksothen tou arithmou. Number.-The printed Hebrew Bible lists 150 psalms. CONTENTS.-The Book of Psalms contains 150 psalms, divided into five books, together with four doxologies and the titles of most of the psalms.Ī. The Syriac Bible in like manner names the collection Mazmor?. The Vulgate follows the Greek text and translates psalmi, liber psalmorum. The New Testament text uses the names psalmoi (Luke, xxiv, 44), biblos psalmon (Luke, xx, 42 Acts, i, 20), and Daveid (Heb., iv, 7).Ĭ. The two words show us that a psalm was a poem of set structure to be sung to the accompaniment of stringed instruments. Psalmos in classical Greek meant the twang of the strings of a musical instrument its Hebrew equivalent (from ZMR, “to trim”) means a poem of “trimmed” and measured form. The word psalmos is a translation of Hebrew: MZMVR, which occurs in the titles of fifty-seven psalms. of the Book of Psalms read either Greek: psalmoi, psalms, or psalterion, psalter. Not only these songs of praise, but the entire collection of psalms made up a manual for temple service-a service chiefly of praise hence the name “Praises” was given to the manual itself. Civ-cvii, cxi-cxvii, cxxxv-cxxxvi, cxlvi-cl (Vulg., ciii-cvi, cx-cxvi, cxxxvi-cxxxvii, cxlv-cl). A synonymous name hallel was, in later Jewish ritual, given to four groups of songs of praise, Pss. exliv (cxlv) is entitled “praise” (Hebrew: THLH). The name “praises” does not indicate the contents of all the Psalms. There can be no doubt, however, in regard to the transliteration Spharthelleim by Origen (P.G., XII, 1084) and “sephar tallim, quod interpretatur volumen hymnorum” by St. There is some doubt in regard to the authenticity of this fragment. This latter name was known to Hippolytus, who wrote Greek: `Ebraioi periegrapsantenn biblon Sephra theleim (ed. The Hebrew name is THLYM “praises” (from HLL, “to praise”) or MPR THLYM, “book of praises”. NAME.-The Book of Psalms has various names in the Hebrew, Septuagint, and Vulgate texts. This article will treat the name of the Psalter, its contents, the authors of the Psalms, their canonicity, text, versions, poetic form, poetic beauty, theological value, and liturgical use. The Clementine Vulgate has Psalms and the Sapiential Books in the second section, and after Job. Alexandrinus”, belong to the third section and follow the Prophets. The Septuagint puts Psalms first among the Sapiential Books. have led to the order of books in the Kethubhim of the modern Hebrew Bible. Many Massoretic MSS., especially Spanish, begin the “Writings” with Paralipomena or Chronicles. Jerome heads the “Writings” with Psalms, in his “Epistola ad Paulinum” (P.L., XXII, 547) with Job in his “Prologus Galeatus” (P.L., XXVIII, 555). The Talmudic list (Baba Bathra 14 b) gives Ruth precedence to Psalms. In this section of the Hebrew Bible the canonical order of books has varied greatly whereas in the first and second sections, that is, in the Law and the Prophets, the books have always been in pretty much the same order. of the third section of the printed Hebrew Bible of today. The Psalter, or Book of Psalms, is the first book of the “Writings” (Kethubhim or Hagiographa), i.e.
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